A hybrid Eulerian-Eulerian/Eulerian-Lagrangian method for dense-to-dilute dispersed phase flows

Problems involving a transition between dense and dilute dispersed phase regimes often require hybridization of Eulerian-Eulerian (EE) Eulerian-Lagrangian (EL) methods for accurate efficient computational modeling. A hybrid EE-EL formulation is developed in this work from first principles, which asymptotes to well-established EE EL limiting conditions. smooth dynamic criterion corresponding algorithm conversion the two representations are developed. To use their respective regions effectiveness, designed as function local volume fraction kinetic energy random uncorrelated motion particles. Several one-dimensional numerical tests conducted analyze limits method (up 65% loading) conditions, at first, without any EL, then ability smoothly vice versa evaluated using prespecified dynamically computed criteria one- two-dimensional tests. Particle evolution frozen turbulence simulated evaluate method's particle trajectory crossing. Finally, used simulating dispersion an initially cloud three-dimensional spherical sector blast.